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THE
RENAISSANCE IN EUROPE: A CULTURAL ENQUIRY (AA305)
文藝復興：從文化角度看
This series will give you a broad-based
introduction to one of the most influential movements in Western
cultural history - the Renaissance. It introduces approaches
to the subject sought by scholars in various disciplines such
as the visual arts, literature, religion, philosophy, science
and music. The series also presents a series of relevant case
studies and texts, rather than narrating the history of the
movement in all its myriad forms.
本系列概括介紹影響西方文化最深遠的文藝復興時期。以個案及文字記錄，從不同的學科，包括：視覺藝術、文學、宗教、哲學、科學和音樂分析這十四至十六世紀出現的復興古代的文化運動。
1. THE IMPACT OF HUMANISM IN THE VISUAL ARTS (AA305/VC01)
視覺藝術與人民主義
This video examines the influence of Humanism in painting,
sculpture and architecture within Europe. The video divides
into 9 separate sections and compares the style and influence
of well-known works of artistic and architectural merit. These
include: Signs of Change - which compares the frescoes of
Benozzo Gozzoli in the chapel of the Medici Palace, Florence,
with those of by Andrea Mantegna in the Camera Picta of the
Ducal palace in Mantua. Gesture and Rhetoric - which visits
Santa Croce to compare Donatello's Cavalcanti Annunciation
with Bernardo Rosselino's tomb for Leonardo Bruni, and Breaking
the Classical Mould - which looks at Guilio Romano's design
for the Palazzo Te in Mantua.
探討視覺藝術對人民主義帶來的衝擊。介紹歐洲油畫、雕塑和建築所受到的影響。原版英文發音。
59 mins.
English version
2. POLITICISED SPACE: FLORENCE AND MILAN
(AA305VC02)
政治化空間：佛羅倫斯與米蘭
As discussed in the three chapters of this video, different
political regions require different uses for the city and
its buildings.
Republican Florence - examines how Florence was governed;
how republican imagery reinforced civic status and looking
at private palaces of the governing patrician families.
The Duchy of Milan - as ruled by the Visconti and then the
Sforza Dukes, whose autocratic rule was based on allegiance
to the Emperor. Buildings discussed are the Castello Sforsesco
in Milan, the Castello Viscateo in Pavia.
Ducal Florence - set in the 16th Century when the republic
was overthrown and the Medici took power as autocratic ducal
rulers. The third chapter examines the contrasting changes
of chivalric splendour made to republican institutions in
Florence.
探討文藝復興時期不同的政治權力中心所建設不同類形的城市和建築物。原版英文發音。
50 mins.
English version
3. TWO CONDOTTIERI
COURTS: MANTUA AND URBINO (AA305/VC03)
貴族宮廷：曼杜瓦與烏爾比
Architecture and visual display were used by Renaissance princes
across Europe to express their power, virtue, wealth and civilization.
In Mantua, the Gonzaga family grew wealthy by hiring themselves
as ‘condottieri’ (mercenary generals) in this small state,
which was perceived with great strategic significance. The
Humanist education gained by Frederico Montefeltro at Mantua
was the inspiration behind his creation of the Court at Urbino.
This court was a centre of intellectual and artistic importance
and was funded by wealth acquired through military prowess.
探討文藝復興時期歐洲貴族如何從建築及藝術作品顯示其權力、美德、財富與文化的地位。原版英文發音。
52 mins.
English version
4.
RENAISSANCE CRACOW (AA305/VC04)
文化重鎮：科拉科
At the beginning of the 16th Century, the Kingdom of Poland
and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were together the largest
territorial power in Europe and were ruled by the Jagiellonian
monarchy. Cracow, at the time a great centre of learning,
was one of the most important merchant centres in Europe.
Following the destruction by fire of the old Wawel castle,
the ruling monarchs employed artists and sculptors from Italy
and throughout Europe to embellish a new Wawel palace. They
also created their family mausoleum, the Sigismund Chapel
in St Wenslesas Cathedral, which is considered to be the purest
expression of Italian Renaissance culture in Europe.
十六世紀初亞格隆尼皇朝統治歐洲最大遍土地的波蘭及立陶宛大公園。首都科拉科是當時歐洲最大的文化藝術中心。原版英文發音。
52 mins.
English version
5. RENAISSANCE
COURT ARCHITECTURE IN ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND (AA305/VC05)
英國及蘇格蘭的文藝復興廷院建築
Part 1 - Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey
亨利七世禮拜堂
Henry VII was buried in the Lady Chapel after his death in
1509 beside his wife Elizabeth of York. His son Henry VIII
commissioned a tomb sculpted by Torrigiani. The video analyses
the reasons for building both chapel and tomb as well as the
artistry of their construction.
分析建造亨利七世禮拜堂及其陵塚的原因與建造的藝術性。原版英文發音。
Part II - Renaissance Architecture and the Scottish Court
蘇格蘭的廷院建築
During the reigns of James IV and V in Scotland, some of the
royal residences were transformed into types of Renaissance
palace. The video explains what is meant by “Renaissance’
in Scotland at the time by looking at the building styles
of three palaces Linlighgow, Falkirk and Stirling.
蘇格蘭國王詹姆斯四世及五世在位期間，把皇宮改建為文藝復興式宮廷。本部份以三所皇宮介紹蘇格蘭式的文藝復興文化。原版英文發音。
46 mins.
English version
6. THE SPANISH COURT AND THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
(AA305/VC06)
意大利文藝復與與西班牙皇宮
During the time when Christians, Jews and Muslims co-existed
in Spain, there was a sharing of customs and ideas, which
is clearly seen in Seville today. The Alhambra in Granada
testifies to the cultural splendour of the Muslim rule. However,
by the end of the 12th Century northern Spain had been re-conquered
by Christians after four centuries of Muslim rule. Changes
gradually took place under Christian Holy Roman Emperor, Charles
V, who commissioned a palace alongside the Alhambra but this
lay incomplete for centuries. His son, Philip II, continued
to build the image of Spain as a bastion against Muslims and
Protestants. He commissioned artwork by Titian, made Madrid
his capital and built his palace in nearby village Escorial.
This was one of the most spectacular buildings in Europe at
the time, which was created using available wealth and logistical
skills. It combined both the trappings of religious authority
with those of a modern ruler.
探詩意大利文藝復與如何衝擊西班牙不同宗教背景的文化，例如：基督教、猶太教及回教。其中以菲利普二世於一五六一年遷都馬德里並興建著名的埃斯科里亞爾宮殿。原版英文發音。
58 mins.
English version
RENAISSANCE SECRETS (XA001)
文藝復興藝術揭秘
How was the monumental dome of Florence Cathedral constructed? Who painted the two thousand exquisite watercolours discovered hidden in a Polish library? What do we really know about one of the most celebrated paintings of the Renaissance, The Arnolfini Marriage? This series explores these Renaissance mysteries, exposing historical distortions and unanswered questions. As each tale unfolds, new evidence is revealed that is set to turn art history on its head.
歷史學家、建築學家深入研究詳細分析，力求揭開義大利佛羅倫斯的天主教堂、波蘭國家圖書館二千多幅畫作和名畫「阿諾爾菲尼結婚肖像」這些文藝復興時期藝術傑作的神秘面紗。
1. THE RIDDLE OF THE DOME (XA001/AIP/01)
佛羅倫斯大教堂
The dome of Florence Cathedral is one of the Renaissance's greatest monuments, but also one of its greatest riddles. Six hundred years on, the riddle remains unsolved: how exactly did architect Filippo Brunelleschi build the dome? This programme takes viewers on an unprecedented behind-the-scenes tour of the cathedral, delving deep into the dusty timber roof and arches in an attempt to solve the dome's riddle. Does the answer lie in the brickwork? Or is it the centring that allows the walls to curve? None of these solutions completely explain how the shape of the dome was preserved.
意大利佛羅倫斯的天主教堂是文藝復興的代表作。這教堂建成五百年後歷史學家開始研究她的奧秘。英文發音，配上中文字幕。
30 mins.
English with Chinese Subtitles
2. SECRET OF THE WINTER GARDEN (XA001/AIP/02)
冬日莊園
American art historian Claudia Swan travels to Krakow on a mission to discover the purpose, artist and owner of these breathtaking botanical paintings. The quest to understand Renaissance art takes us to Leiden, where we discover that the paintings were used as a teaching tool at the medical school. The medical school's botanical gardens were a living laboratory where students had the task of learning the names and functions of hundreds of species of plants. The watercolours of these plants served as a winter garden, allowing study in the winter months. But who owned the paintings? And who painted them? As the mysteries of the pictures are unfurled, we take a journey across the divide between art and science and another Renaissance secret is revealed.
美國藝術歷史學家到歐洲的克拉科和萊登，試圖解開波蘭國家圖書館中收藏的二千幅繪畫作品的謎。英文發音，配上中文字幕。
30 mins.
English with Chinese Subtitles
3. MYSTERY OF THE MARRIAGE (XA001/AIP/03)
最神秘的婚禮
In 1434 a wealthy Renaissance merchant commissioned a portrait with his wife. The Arnolfini Marriage is one of the most famous paintings of all time, but a new discovery has thrown the art world into confusion. Infra red lights revealed that the painting's symbolic objects, long believed to be the key to understanding this picture's meanings, were in fact added later. As well as investigating the physical history of the picture, this programme presents portraits of the lives of the painter of The Arnolfini Marriage - Jan Van Eyck - and of the unknown man in the portrait, Giovanni Arnolfini.
用紅外線分析1434年的名作「阿諾爾菲尼結婚肖像」，發現了原作中的手稿：阿諾爾菲尼的右手本來是用炭筆畫在白粉的背景中，這部分草稿被完成之後的油畫作品完全蓋住。本節目探討這新發現幫助歷史學家對當時社會各方面的研究。英文發音，配上中文字幕。
30 mins.
English with Chinese Subtitles
4. CONSPIRING AGAINST THE QUEEN (XA001/03/03)
毒殺女王陰謀：間諜活動
Elizabeth the First's most effective weapon was her spy network. But when her own doctor is accused of conspiring to kill her, whom should she believe? Dr. Rodrigo Lopez was not only the Queen's doctor, a Jew and a communicator with the courts of Spain and Portugal, but also a spy. In Renaissance England, courtiers used networks of such spies to gain favour with the Queen. Lopez was found guilty, imprisoned in the Tower of London and executed at Marble Arch. But was Lopez really guilty or was he the unfortunate pawn in a much larger game?
英女王伊麗莎伯一世的御醫路迪高盧柏茲，因圖謀毒殺女王被判絞死和分屍之刑，行刑的前一天女王卻收回死刑執行令，但最後他亦難逃厄運。這位德高望重的醫生，有否參與間諜活動？ 到底是誰准許處決盧柏茲？ 盧柏茲醫生是否成了當時政治陰謀的無辜受害者？英文發音，配上中文字幕。
30 mins.
English with Chinese Subtitles
5. WHAT DID GUTENBERG INVENT? (XA001/01/03)
古騰堡聖經的奧秘
For the last 550 years, it has been believed the Johannes Gutenberg was the inventor of movable type. This programme travels to Gutenberg's hometown of Maintz in Germany to discover how Gutenberg lived and worked and to uncover the amazing range of industrial processes that he would have had to invent. But did he really invent movable type? Computer aided research at the Smithsonian (Washington, USA) suggests that Gutenberg may not quite have achieved what we believe he did.
一直以來，我們都相信約翰古騰堡是活版印刷的發明人，而古騰堡聖經的出版代表了人類首次採用活字印刷技術。 近年兩位著名學者使用數位影像和電腦分析，發現古騰堡聖經的字母各不相同，而製作或鑄造每個字母的方法與今日所謂的活字版印刷的觀念不同，質疑這本聖經的印法。 這個謎我們是不是可能永遠都破解不到、解釋不了呢？英文發音，配上中文字幕。
30 mins.
English with Chinese Subtitles
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